What role does topoisomerase play in DNA replication?

Topoisomerase plays a crucial role in DNA replication by correcting over-winding ahead of the replication forks. As the DNA double helix unwinds to allow for replication, the strands become increasingly twisted and supercoiled, which can create tension in the DNA molecule. If this tension is not addressed, the DNA could become difficult to replicate and may even break.

Topoisomerase alleviates this tension by making temporary cuts in the DNA strands. It allows the strands to rotate around each other and then re-ligates them once the over-winding is resolved. This action ensures that DNA replication can proceed smoothly and efficiently, maintaining the integrity of the genetic material during the process. The role of topoisomerase is essential for maintaining the proper structure and stability of the DNA ahead of the replication fork, allowing the replication machinery to function effectively.