What is the main goal of transcription in gene expression?

The main goal of transcription in gene expression is to convert DNA into mRNA. During transcription, specific segments of DNA, known as genes, are read by RNA polymerase, which synthesizes a complementary RNA strand. This process occurs in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, where the DNA is housed. The resulting mRNA molecule carries the genetic information necessary for protein synthesis to the cytoplasm, where it undergoes translation to ultimately produce proteins. This step is crucial because it serves as the first major step in expressing the genetic code encoded in the DNA, allowing for the regulation and production of proteins that are essential for cellular function and response to environmental changes.