What is the error rate of DNA replication?

The error rate of DNA replication is typically around 1/1,000,000, which reflects the accuracy of DNA polymerases during the replication process. These enzymes have a proofreading ability that significantly reduces errors by correcting mismatched nucleotides. Although the initial rate might suggest a higher error frequency, the combined activity of DNA polymerases and the subsequent repair mechanisms result in this remarkably low error rate.

Understanding the error rates helps illustrate the precision of cellular processes and the evolutionary advantages of maintaining genetic stability. Mutation rates are low due to these highly efficient mechanisms, which serve to preserve the integrity of the genetic material across generations.